Test smoke detectors

Test your smoke detectors to ensure they'll alert you in an emergency

Why it matters#

Smoke detectors save lives, but only if they work. The NFPA reports that 3 out of 5 home fire deaths occur in homes with no smoke alarms or non-working alarms.

What you'll need#

Tools#

• Step stool or ladder (if needed)

Materials#

• 9V battery or AA batteries (have on hand for replacement)

Steps#

1. Notify your household#

Let everyone know you're testing so the alarm doesn't cause panic. If you have pets, consider moving them to another room.

2. Locate all detectors#

Walk through your home and identify every smoke detector. There should be one in each bedroom, outside sleeping areas, and on every level including the basement.

3. Test each detector#

Press and hold the test button for 3-5 seconds. You should hear a loud, piercing alarm. If the sound is weak or absent, replace the batteries immediately.

4. Check for interconnection#

If your detectors are interconnected (hardwired or wireless), testing one should trigger all of them. Walk through and confirm each one sounds.

5. Check the manufacture date#

Look on the back of each detector for a date. Smoke detectors should be replaced every 10 years, regardless of whether they still 'work.'

6. Replace batteries if needed#

If the alarm was weak or didn't sound, replace the batteries (usually 9V or AA). Even hardwired detectors have backup batteries that need replacing annually.

Pro tips#

• Test monthly and replace batteries at least once a year—many people do it when clocks change
• Vacuum detectors every 6 months to remove dust that can cause false alarms
• Never disable a detector because of nuisance alarms—relocate it instead
• Consider upgrading to 10-year sealed battery detectors to eliminate battery changes

Warnings#

• Never paint over a smoke detector—it can prevent proper function
• Don't remove batteries to stop a nuisance alarm; find and fix the cause

When to call a pro#

If hardwired detectors repeatedly fail or won't stop chirping after battery replacement, call an electrician.